Dab tsi ELISA Cov Khoom Siv Siv

ELISA yog ua raws li kev sib koom ua ke ntawm antigens lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov cim enzyme ntawm antigens lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khi rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom- cov kab mob theem tseem tswj hwm lawv cov kev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab enzymes - cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaws cia ob qho tib si lawv cov kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev ua haujlwm enzyme. Thaum lub sij hawm txiav txim siab, cov qauv kuaj hauv qab no (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv nws) tshwm sim nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom -theem cab. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antigen complex tsim ntawm cov khoom siv -theem cov cab kuj raug cais los ntawm lwm cov tshuaj hauv cov kua los ntawm txoj kev ntxuav. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, uas tom qab ntawd ntxiv nrog cov cim enzyme, kuj tseem ua ke hauv cov khoom theem vector los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, tus nqi ntawm enzymeon ntawm cov khoom theem yog proportional rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv kev kuaj nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Tom qab ntxiv cov substrate ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzyme, lub substrate yog catalyzed los ntawm cov enzyme raws li ib tug xim cov khoom, qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom yog ncaj qha ntsig txog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv cov qauv, yog li nws yuav ua tau zoo los yog ntau npaum tsom xam raws li cov xim tob. Vim lub siab catalytic efficiency ntawm cov enzyme, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog indirectly magnified, uas ua rau txoj kev ntsuas siab rhiab heev.

ELISA tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab antigens, nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim Elisa, yog li ntxiv dag zog rau qhov kev lees paub zoo ntawm txhua qhov txuas tuaj yeem muab kev ua si tag nrho rau nws cov txheej txheem zoo.